Several large British banks will be required to draw up "living wills" by the end of the year to outline procedures to help them wind down if they fail, under proposals by the country's financial services regulator on Thursday.
The Financial Services Authority said banks regarded as "too big to fail" will also have to hold more capital as an insurance against the dangers posed to the financial system if they collapsed.
幾家大型英國銀行今年年底前將必須制定「生前遺囑」，列出如果它們經營不善，如何幫助它們根據英國金融服務管理機構二十二日的提案，逐漸緩和關門的程序綱要。英國金融服務局表示，被視為「太大而不能倒閉」的銀行，也將必須持有更多的資本，作為如果銀行的金融體系崩潰，對所形成的危險的保險。
The living wills will include ways of splitting a bank's deposit-taking arms from securities trading units.
生前遺囑將包括如何將銀行的存款部門從證券交易單位分開的方法。
"Restructuring could include clear separation between retail deposit taking business and businesses involved in proprietary trading activities, with the latter able to fail even if the former were supported in crisis conditions," the FSA said.
「重組可能包括明確劃分小額存款業務和包含涉及產權交易活動的業務，在危機情況下，即使前者可以支持，後者仍可能失敗。」金融服務局說。
The proposal stopped short of adopting suggestions by Bank of England Governor Mervyn King that banks should split low-risk retail from so-called "casino" investment banking before the need for a living will arises.
該提案只差未採納英國央行總裁梅文金恩的提議，金恩主張，在必須撰寫生前遺囑之前，銀行應將低風險的小額存款業務與所謂的「賭博式」投資銀行業務分開。
King is at odds with the government over his proposal, with Prime Minister Gordon Brown saying that the proposal was too simplistic for modern banking and wider reform was needed.
對金恩的提議，他與政府意見不一，首相布朗說，這項提議就現代銀行業務而言過於簡化，更廣泛的改革有其必要。
The FSA is currently working up wills as part of a pilot program that it expects to roll out across the banking industry.
金融服務局目前正在擬遺囑，這是預期將對整個銀行業推出的試驗計畫的一部分。
"The FSA has to reduce the danger that authorities in the future will be faced with only one option - using public funds to rescue whole groups with only equity holders suffering loss," said chairman Adair Turner. "And we must also limit the extent to which implicit government guarantees support unnecessary levels of risky proprietary trading."
「金融服務局必須降低未來當局只有一個選擇的風險──用公款挽救整個集團，而只有股東蒙受損失。」局長端納說。「我們也必須限制隱含的政府擔保對不必要的風險性產權交易水準的支持程度。」
The FSA said that bumper investment banking profits should be used to bolster balance sheets rather than paid out in bonuses to staff.
金融服務局表示，槓桿投資業務的利潤應當用來加強資產負債表，而不是用來發放獎金給工作人員。
Systemically important banks will have to hold more capital with more emphasis on the strength of national subsidiaries in global banks to ensure that the British government is not tasked with rescuing the entire group, as it did with the Royal Bank of Scotland PLC.
有系統重要性的銀行必須持有更多的資本，特別強調全球銀行的國內子公司的力量，以確保英國政府不負責拯救整個集團，就像皇家蘇格蘭銀行的例子那樣。
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