After weeks crossing the high seas, Claude Levi-Strauss breathed in his first lungful of the New World, a perfume tinged with pepper or tobacco. The sensory awakening was the start of a journey that turned a young Parisian scholar into a founder of modern anthropology.
在公海航行數週上岸後，克勞德李維史陀吸入他在新世界的第一大口氣，是夾雜了胡椒或煙草味的香氣。感覺上的甦醒是一個旅程的開始，這個旅程將一個巴黎年輕學者變成為現代人類學的創始人。
On that 1930s trip that took him across the Atlantic to Latin America, Levi-Strauss' scholarly upbringing guided him on a methodical search for humankind's inner workings as he met tribes in Brazil's jungles. His studies would later electrify _and divide _ the intellectual world with the idea that cultures share similarities underlying their myths and patterns of behavior.
那個讓他橫渡大西洋到拉丁美洲的1930年代之旅中，李維史陀的學術養成經驗帶領他在會遇巴西叢林部落時，有條不紊地尋找人類的內在運作。他的研究後來形成一個觀念：各個文化在其神話和行為模式之下，都有相似之處。這個觀念為知識分子的世界充電，並使之分裂。
Levi-Strauss' death at age 100 was announced in Paris on Tuesday. French media said he died on Friday.
李維史陀百歲謝世的消息於三日在巴黎宣布。法國媒體說他上週五去世。
He was widely regarded as having reshaped anthropology, becoming the leading advocate of what is now known as structuralism. His ideas reached into fields including the humanities and philosophy.
他被普遍視為重塑了人類學，成為現在稱為「結構主義」此一理論的主要倡導者。他的思想廣及人文學科和哲學的領域。
Koichiro Matsuura, director-general of the U.N.'s Paris-based cultural arm, UNESCO, said Levi-Strauss' theories "changed the way people perceived each other, striking down such divisive concepts as race and opening the way for a new vision based on recognition of the common bond of humanity."
聯合國教科文組織在巴黎的文化部門總幹事松浦晃一郎說，李維史陀的理論「改變了人們彼此感知的方式，擊倒如種族之類的分裂性概念，並開闢一條基於承認人類的共同紐帶的新遠景之路。
Structuralism _ defined as the search for the underlying patterns of thought in all forms of human activity _ compared the formal relationships among elements in any given system.
結構主義_其定義為搜尋人類所有形式的活動中的底層思想模式_比較任何既定的系統中要素之間的的正式關係。
Levi-Strauss' classic example was the taboo on incest, present in all societies, which he argued was man's way of promoting and preserving social harmony.
李維史陀的經典例子是關於亂倫的禁忌，這個禁忌存在所有社會中，他認為這是人類促進和維護社會和諧的方式。
Setha Low, president of the American Anthropological Association, said Levi-Strauss was one of the most "innovative and creative theorists that anthropology has ever produced," though she said some of his theories are contested. One complaint is that he failed to sufficiently take into account history and the empowerment of individuals.
美國人類學協會會長色沙羅表示，李維史陀是「人類學產生的最革新、最具創造性的理論家之一」，不過她說，他的一些理論是有爭議的。其中一點是，他未能充分考慮到歷史以及個人帶來的活力。
French anthropologist Philippe Descola said last year, "what was important was that Levi-Strauss advanced the idea that cultural diversity is a positive thing _ an idea that wasn't very popular 40 years ago."
法國人類學家菲利浦‧德斯寇拉去年說，重要的是他，這是李維史陀推進了文化多樣性是件好事的想法，這種想法四十年前不是很流行。
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